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What Is a CAPTCHA?

A CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a challenge a website shows when it is not sure a visitor is human. It ranges from typing distorted text or picking images to invisible checks that score the browser without asking anything.

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how it works

How CAPTCHAs work today

The term was coined in 2003 by researchers at Carnegie Mellon. Early CAPTCHAs relied on puzzles humans solve easily and computers don't. As machine vision caught up, most systems moved to risk scoring: they collect signals about the browser, the IP and the visit, and only show a visible puzzle when the score is doubtful.

  • 1

    Text

    What the visitor sees
    Distorted letters to type
    Examples
    Older forms and legacy sites
  • 2

    Image or checkbox

    What the visitor sees
    A tick box, sometimes followed by an image grid
    Examples
    reCAPTCHA v2, hCaptcha
  • 3

    Invisible score

    What the visitor sees
    Nothing; the site gets a score from 0.0 to 1.0
    Examples
    reCAPTCHA v3
  • 4

    Managed challenge

    What the visitor sees
    A brief check page, rarely any puzzle
    Examples
    Cloudflare Turnstile and challenge pages
why it matters

Why CAPTCHAs matter for proxy users

CAPTCHAs are the visible end of bot detection. How often you see them says a lot about how a site rates your IP and client.

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CAPTCHA: what it means for you
  • IP reputation drives the rate. Hosting ranges and IPs with a history of abuse get far more challenges than clean consumer IPs; see IP reputation.
  • Clearance often sticks to the session. Passing a challenge typically sets a cookie tied to that browser and often to that IP, so rotating the IP mid-session can bring the challenge back.
  • Speed and volume trigger them: many requests per minute from one IP look automated however clean it is.
  • Treat a rising CAPTCHA rate as a signal to slow down and review your setup. Automated solving services exist, but many sites' terms forbid them.

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Guides from the blog

Setup guides and best practices from the CleanProxies blog.

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Related terms

Terms that come up alongside CAPTCHA.

All glossary terms

CAPTCHA FAQs

Straight answers about CAPTCHA.

Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart.

Got more questions?All FAQs