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What Is a Reverse Proxy?

A reverse proxy is a server that sits in front of one or more web servers and receives requests on their behalf. Visitors connect to the reverse proxy, which passes requests to the origin servers and returns their responses.

  • Session Control
  • High Speed
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how it works

How a reverse proxy works

The website's DNS points to the reverse proxy, not to the origin servers, so visitors need no configuration and usually cannot tell it is there. The reverse proxy accepts the connection, terminates TLS, decides which backend should handle the request and forwards it, often adding X-Forwarded-For or Forwarded so the application still knows the visitor's IP. Typical jobs:

Common software includes nginx, HAProxy, Envoy and Caddy. Content delivery networks fill the same role at global scale. A forward proxy is the opposite: it acts for the client.

Reverse proxy: key points
  • Load balancing across several application servers.
  • TLS termination, and HTTP/2 or HTTP/3 towards visitors.
  • Caching static files and whole pages close to visitors.
  • Security filtering: a web application firewall, rate limits and bot scoring before traffic reaches the application.
why it matters

Why reverse proxies matter for proxy users

When you send a request through a proxy to a large website, the first server it meets is usually the site's reverse proxy or CDN edge. That layer makes most of the decisions proxy users care about.

Reasonable request rates and clean consumer-network IPs, such as CleanProxies static ISP proxies on US carrier ASNs, give that edge layer fewer reasons to throttle your price monitoring or SERP tracking jobs.

Reverse proxy: what it means for you
  • It applies rate limiting per IP, per subnet or per session, so 429 responses usually come from here.
  • It scores the connecting IP by ASN and reputation, which is why hosting IPs are challenged before consumer-ISP IPs on strict sites.
  • It compares the TLS handshake and headers with the browser your User-Agent claims to be.
  • It caches responses, so different exit IPs can receive the same cached page.

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Guides from the blog

Setup guides and best practices from the CleanProxies blog.

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Related terms

Terms that come up alongside Reverse proxy.

All glossary terms

Reverse proxy FAQs

Straight answers about Reverse proxy.

A layer 7 load balancer that terminates HTTP connections is a reverse proxy. A layer 4 load balancer that only forwards TCP connections is usually not called one, although it plays a similar role.

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